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Saccharomyces boulardii
''Saccharomyces boulardii'' is a tropical strain of yeast first isolated from lychee and mangosteen fruit in 1923 by French scientist Henri Boulard. It is related to, but distinct from, ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' in several taxonomic, metabolic, and genetic properties. ''S. boulardii'' is sometimes used as a probiotic with the purpose of introducing beneficial active cultures into the large and small intestine, as well as conferring protection against pathogenic microorganisms in the host. However, in immunocompromised individuals, ''S. boulardii'' has been associated with (fungemia) or localized infection, which may be fatal.
Boulard first isolated this yeast after he observed natives of Southeast Asia chewing on the skin of lychee and mangosteen in an attempt to control the symptoms of cholera. In healthy patients, ''S. boulardii'' has been shown to be nonpathogenic and nonsystemic (it remains in the gastrointestinal tract rather than spreading elsewhere in the body). It grows at 37°C (98.6°F).
''S. boulardii'' is often marketed as a probiotic in a lyophilized form, so is often referred to as ''S. boulardii'' lyo.
==Medical uses==
Numerous randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies show the efficacy of ''S. boulardii'' in the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal disorders.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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